For scholars, the study of Chinese classical novel, Otani library is not open around the term, especially the eyes of researchers in the Ming and Qing novels the Otani library is a classic that can not be replaced. It can be said that the The Otani library has become a recognized treasure house of a Chinese classic novel, this literary treasure trove of original creator, turned out to be a Japanese monk.
Otani Guangrui, Japanese Buddhist sectarian true West Honganji Temple in Section 22 on behalf of the Law of the Lord. As Japan's Taisho Emperor's brother-in-law, he had enjoyed a high social status in Japan. But as one with the Japanese invading army set foot on Chinese soil predators, the monk dressed in the cloak of cultural archeology, the damage caused to the Chinese cultural relics of the, I am afraid no one can.
Japanese monks prefer cultural archaeological
The of Lushunkou taiyanggou, in the Manchukuo period, once the political, economic and cultural center of the Northeast. Now, in the ancient buildings of the sun ditch everywhere, we can still faintly taste of its glory days.
Compared with the the Gansu Wales House, the State of Kanto Office of grand buildings, sun ditch depths of the army for a Russian-style two-story hillside is not very prominent, but very chic. Days of fine weather, sitting in the small building on the balcony, you can see not far from the Gulf of seagulls foraging. But now this small building has been a long time no one ranking extraordinarily dilapidated, so that local cultural and security sector had to be emergency repairs, maintain its Buzhi Yu collapse. However, if the clock back to over a hundred years ago, this small building, school scenery, many politicians celebrities and out of place, because, once home to a special master, the Japanese Buddhist community heavyweight People: Otani Guangrui.
Otani Guangrui born in 1876, because of their family for generations Nishi Honganji law of the Lord, so Otani Guangrui born, destined to become monks. Statistics show that the Otani Guangrui 10-year-old monk, before the age of 20, has been the heir of religious leaders in the West Honganji temple neatly. Change occurred in 1899, this year Otani Guangrui first came to China in Mainland China traveled more than a month. The trip to China, has a profound impact on the life of Otani, so that he unwittingly becomes a greedy predators from religious leaders in a surreal world.
That short trip to China, the young monk had a keen interest in ancient Chinese culture. He was studying in London, and soon will be funded since the formation of an expedition to explore the traces of Buddhism in the name of the plateau of Kashmir into China's Xinjiang region.
In fact, exploring the Buddha traces the cultural archeology is just a cover, the Otani most interested than plunder. The ancient city, ancient tomb sites, was the excavation of the Otani expedition, he and the Swede Sven Hedin expedition one, in the Xinjiang region of China launched a "Raiders of the Lost World War II".
It should be noted, and Sven Hedin, the Otani Guangrui and his expedition members have not received any archaeological training, they only know that the gravedigger, not even the most basic record-keeping do not know how to do it. That in the mining process, a large number of monuments have been devastation, there are many precious relics even the excavated sites are difficult to explain.
Otani has the organization had three expedition, hundreds of thousands of precious cultural relics in China plunder away, most of these relics by Dalian Port board to be shipped to Japan, which accounted for the largest proportion of the number of Han membership books Beituo of. It is said that only the only existing copies of these books, rare as many as thousands of volumes, the total number of over 40,000. It can be said that the three expeditions let Otani rewarding, can be a great adventure funding and post-classification of costs, Otani into a heavy financial crisis. Coupled Otani bent busy Chinese explorers, resulting in the relaxation of the Temple regulation, monks, the proliferation of corruption phenomenon, The Otani accused by public opinion and therefore was forced to resigned in 1914 the title of Earl of France owners and settlers in the second year to Dalian become a full cultural and religious affairs of the Corporation's behind-the-scenes consultant and member of the Greater East Asia Construction Committee.
A large number of rare treasures were shipped to Japan
The Otani Guangrui is a fanatical supporters of aggression against the Japanese colonial authorities to pursue the expansion, plundering policy pioneer.
1938 for the current situation in "Marco Polo Bridge Incident, wrote a book of the" China Incident Countermeasures ", strongly advocates the expansion of the war of aggression against China, this book was the Japanese Kwantung Army senior regarded as a classic, requiring a high-ranking officers Everyone reading. In addition, Otani also edited and published Xingya plan "GOA FORUM" and other books, spare no effort to advocate the "south" policy.
In addition to a frenzy of aggression against supporters, Otani a hobby, that is collecting the ancient literature of China, a lot of precious Chinese books have become collectibles usurpations. In Dunhuang, his go-getters Yoshikawa bribe small Koizumi, Wang, the Taoist, and smooth the Dunhuang Library Cave where the ancient looted. In the Loulan his other go-getters orange Ruichao geographic coordinates along the Sven Hedin find the ancient city of Loulan, and found from the ancient city of Li Bowen book that shocked the world. Li Bowen book is currently found in the earliest Chinese paper epistle physical specimens, instruments of Po-person, all the instruments found in Loulan the only one historical records contained in figure. Most scholars believe that Li Bowen book is not only an important historical and archaeological value, the calligraphy work of art is also comparable to the Preface comparable. And, as Wang Xizhi's contemporary character, Po-superb calligraphy skills to change the calligraphy, our past "post school originated in Jiangnan" understanding side to prove one of the cradles of the Northwest may also post school ".
Unfortunately, these the majority of rare Chinese books has been the Otani Guangrui a ship a ship transported back to Japan, some of which was for himself, another part was donated to the Korean Government House Museum, Museum of Kyoto, Japan, Ryukoku University Book Museum, as well as all over Japan Museum of Art, part was sold to the relics merchants. Li Bowen book, for example, is Japan, Ryukoku University Library collections.
Otani is not only greedy predators of a Chinese heritage, is also a crazy spoilers. Because he himself did not understand the archeology, the archaeological team, he uses the archaeological know nothing about the young monks, for example, found that Li Bowen book orange Ruichao was just a disgruntled 20-year-old monk, he does not know unearthed The situation at the time to do the record, so that future generations in the study of Li Bowen book, many doubts have been unable to break. These young monks in the archaeological process, often hire local people digging dig chaos, the damage caused by its ruins and monuments, and even worse than thieves.
Fortunately ancient large-scale reflux
Crazy predatory Otani rapidly becoming the world's privately-owned Chinese Classics Book ", for the proper collection of these books, Otani and even spent a lot, the personal library of a reinforced concrete structure built in Kobe" including the show ranks , was called "the mountain Library.
Who would ever have thought that ancient snatched away by Otani, but because of a special opportunity, actually lucky enough to usher in a massive reflux.
That was in April 1915, Otani Guangrui once again arrived in Dalian to attend the inauguration ceremony of Honganji Kanto homes. Full iron level is strongly invited, just resigned from the method main duties near Japanese celebrities on the spot decided not to return home, and settled in Dalian.
The Otani funded to buy at the residence is located in Port Arthur taiyanggou. Two months later, according to his instructions, the believers will be "with show home" the possession of a group of Han Ji 20000, loaded into more than 250 boxes on board arrived in Port Arthur, Kobe, was sent to Otani new homes . He also Port Arthur and Dalian as a base and, after exchanges in Shanghai, Qingdao and Taiwan, engaged with the Japanese invasion of the policy of so-called "academic translation, religious studies, inspections and other political activities, but also did not stop He continued to collect the plunder the work of the Han nationality.
Otani, get a huge subsidy from the South Manchuria Railway Company in November 1925, In return, these Chinese books deposited in the Library of the South Manchuria Railway Company, used to replenish the collection. 1930, Otani Guangrui simply these Chinese books donated to the library. At the same time, the South Manchuria Railway Library in Otani's under the guidance of a large number of collection of Han nationality, and allocate special funds to support the activities.
Otani Guangrui donation to this group of books of the South Manchuria Railway Library, 5,000 volumes of the total of the Han nationality, Western Books of about 300. Which also includes 25 kinds of Japanese wood block prints of more than 170 kinds of Japanese and Han languages, manuscripts. From the perspective of bibliography, they are almost involved in the classification of classical Chinese literature, classics, history, child, set, cluster ministries class. More than 180 species in the Ming and Qing novels, dozens of domestic and foreign only existing copies, which is no lack of rare and rare, such as Ming Edition of "cautionary yin and yang Dream", the early Qing Dynasty edition "Outlaws of the Marsh", has been recognized as a rare treasure of priceless, "wake up the flowers or the world's only complete version, the Qing Emperor Qianlong, the previous edition as much as more than 200 species. 300 Western books, mostly for the occasion of the Ming and Qing Dynasties to the writings of the missionary work in China by Western missionaries.
At that time, Otani may think that Dalian will always be their colony, so boldly these treasures back to Dalian. Unexpected outbreak of Japan's surrender in 1945, Dalian end the humiliation of being colonized, the collection in more than 5,000 copies of the full iron Library precious Han nationality, natural to return to the motherland.
As for the Otani Guangrui, shortly after suffering from bladder cancer is also the defeat of Japan, temporarily in Port Arthur, Japan hotel for two years. Until 1947, the State Council for special approval, Otani was allowed to take the ship back to Japan, and passed away the following year.
Otani Library National Cheng Kung University. Collection of national treasures
After the liberation, Otani library collection in the South Manchuria Railway Library, in addition to more than 600 copies of Dunhuang literature by the National Library of solicitation go the rest of the overall transfer to Dalian Library. "Apart from Japan in the early return of more than 250 boxes of Han nationality, Otani light Shui in Dalian to settle more than 30 years, also has been active with the South Manchuria Railway Company in various parts of China continue to plunder the Han nationality, used to replenish the collection." Dalian Library is responsible for chairing the ancient Ministry the work of Xue Lian teacher told reporters, local County, for example, the South Manchuria Railway Library will a collection of over 1000 County, covering almost all the counties in China, "After the liberation, these Chinese books mostly did not have time taken away, stay in Dalian. "For this reason, the ancient collection of Dalian Library precious, rich, and was able to have been far ahead in the national library of its kind.
Xue Lian said, Now, although the National Library has repeatedly mobilized to go batches of ancient books, but Dalian Library is still a collection of old membership over 550,000 copies of books, of which more than 260,000 copies of the ancient bindings, precious rare books 2000 variety of more than 26,000 volumes. "These are the country's wealth, especially those only existing copies of books, each of this can be said that the study of ancient Chinese history and culture of valuable literature."
Among these, the two major categories of collections the most features: First, full of iron materials is the most complete, full history of iron and scholars at home and abroad, must want to come to Dalian library information; Second, the only existing copies, rare Ming and Qing Feng number of novels, since the advent of the "Golden Lotus" to "A Dream of Red Mansions" print and publish the past 140 years are inscribed these Ming and Qing fiction is Otani library essence.
With this unique advantage, and now Dalian Library has become nationally renowned for its research base of the Ming and Qing fiction, mining has compiled and published over 200 books of the Ming and Qing novels Luoxue Tang Collection ", Dalian Ming and Qing novels in the library center along with the Jiangsu Academy of Social Sciences, Institute of Novel two domestic studies Ming and Qing fiction is the most authoritative institutions.
Dalian Library Business Office is responsible for Wanglian Jun told reporters, the Otani library these novels of the Ming and Qing has not been excavated sorted out before the market in the Ming and Qing novels is the description of Beauty and erotic novels, but Otani library but a lot of the past are rare describing the customs and habits novels, officialdom novel, detective novels, has greatly enriched the types of the Ming and Qing novels, and the descendants of understanding and knowledge of social practices, rituals and other aspects of the Ming and Qing Dynasties, important frame of reference.
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